Policy making may be viewed as the design of purposeful systems to deliver values to participants. An operational methodology for policy making/systems design is developed which is applicable to problem definition and solution in complex, multiparticipant, multivalue/goal, ill-structured, dynamic contexts. Policy making/systems design may be treated on an adaptive control (design) problem expressed mathematically by a dynamical system with associated dynamical values in which nothing is considered fixed. Participants choose values, goals, technology and controls. Choice of a goal target involves a goals/values referral process wherein participants can identify and change operational goals and values, as well as negotiation process. Policy making, systems design and meaning arc identified as one—as an act/process of cooperative control to all there is—dissipative self-organizalion—manifested by increasing consciousness (represented mathematically by sets). The result is, hopefully, enlightened operational policy making. The methodology may be termed evolutionary systems design.
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Melvin F. Shakun (1981) studied this question.
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