Efficacy of Farsan Ventilation Equipment (FVE) on Oxygenation and End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide During Cataract Surgery under Local Sedation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of novel ventilation equipment on oxygenation and end-tidal carbon dioxide levels during cataract surgery under local anesthesia. Methods: A total of two hundred patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia were included in this randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly assigned to receive local anesthesia using Farsan Ventilation Equipment (FVE) on their chest during the procedure, while the control group received oxygen through a nasal cannula (NC). The primary outcome measures were end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) and the fraction of inspired carbon dioxide (FICO2). The secondary outcome measures included peripheral arterial O2 saturation (SpO2), the patient's respiratory rate, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure. Results: The mean surgery time was 35.5 ± 7.05 minutes in the NC group and 38.2 ± 6.2 minutes in the FVE group. The FVE group showed significantly lower levels of EtCO2 and FICO2 and higher SpO2 compared to the NC group during the operation. In the FVE group, SpO2 remained stable at high levels, and there was no increase in EtCO2 and FICO2 during the operation. Additionally, the FVE group exhibited significantly lower respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) compared to the NC group. Conclusion: Farsan Ventilation Equipment (FVE) is easy to handle and proves helpful in preventing carbon dioxide accumulation, carbon dioxide rebreathing, unwanted tachypnea, and patient exhaustion. It is particularly beneficial for practical use in elderly patients undergoing eye surgery under local anesthesia. Trial Registration Code: The trial is registered at https://irct.ir/ with the code IRCT20210216050379N2. Further details can be found at https://fa.irct.ir/trial/55786/pdf.