In this paper, a planar zero-index metamaterial, which can be easily fabricated, was designed. Both the simulation and experimental results show that a zero index of refraction occurred at 8.75 GHz. The zero index of refraction can be used to enhance the directivity of antennas. We used a dipole antenna embedded in this metamaterial and found that the directivity of the antenna was effectively enhanced compared with the case without this metamaterial.
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Zhou et al. (2009) studied this question.
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