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Visible and near-infrared electron–ion bremsstrahlung measurements in fusion research devices, used to determine the effective ionic charge (Zeff), are often plagued by pollutant emission from the cool-edge region. The primary sources of visible and near-infrared non-bremsstrahlung continuum emission in the Madison Symmetric Torus arise from electron–neutral interactions, and the pollutant emission is hence directly proportional to the bulk neutral density. Simultaneously monitoring the total emission at 1040 nm and the neutral contaminant (via Dα emission) has enabled an extraction of the electron–ion bremsstrahlung and a measurement of Zeff at comparatively low electron density (1013 cm−3).
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Anderson et al. (2003) studied this question.
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