Photoemission and photon-absorption results on clean and oxidized Yb are presented that clearly reveal a difference in $4f$ occupancy between the clean (4f¹⁴) and oxidized (4f¹³) case. For the oxidized metal a resonance enhancement of the $4f$-electron emission is observed at the $4d$ threshold. The enhancement arises from autoionization decay following 4d→4f absorption transitions. The resulting line profile is shown to be well described by Fano's theory of interaction between a discrete and continuum state.
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Johansson et al. (1980) studied this question.
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