Genetic algorithm based PID controller design for a multi-area AGC scheme in a restructured power system

In this paper, a multi-area Automatic Generation Control (AGC) scheme suitable in a restructured interconnected power system has been proposed. Developed scheme utilizes a proportional, integral and derivative (PID) controller to control the output of the generators. The parameter of PID controller has been tuned according to Genetic Algorithm (GA) based performance indices. Developed model also include the Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) units to inject or absorb the active power of an interconnected power system. The functioning of Genetic Algorithm based PID controller has been tested on a 39-bus New England system and 75-bus Indian power system network. The results of GAPID controller have been compared with those obtained by using the Least Square Minimization method. Compliance with North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) standards for AGC has also been established in this work.