Simplified Blast-Load Effects on the Column and Bent Beam of Highway Bridges

The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether simplified blast loading together with a pier-bent model could be employed to reveal the main damage mechanisms of typical highway bridges subjected to blast loading. The high-fidelity finite element model of a pier-bent system for highway bridges was established, and Conventional Weapon Effects (CONWEP) reflected pressure on a rigid surface was applied directly on the structure surfaces. The study shows that the pier-bent model together with the simplified blast loading may reproduce many of the damage mechanisms of typical highway bridges, but simplified blast loading may underestimate the blast-load effects to some extent. A heavier explosive charge than the designed one may therefore be needed in order to capture the full range of damage mechanisms. It is advisable to include an equivalent slab in the model even if the focus is on the column and bent. The study also showed that enhancement of transverse reinforcement significantly improved the blast resistance of highway bridges.