Key result
Gestational diabetes in a first pregnancy was associated with a 41.2% recurrence rate in a second consecutive pregnancy, with older age and specific ethnicities acting as independent predictors.
Cohort (n=142,843)
Yes
Gestational diabetes has a high recurrence rate of 41.2% in a second consecutive pregnancy, serving as a strong clinical marker for future risk.
AIMS: To determine occurrence and recurrence rates of gestational diabetes among women having at least two consecutive pregnancies. Risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes and rates of second/third pregnancy pre-existing diabetes mellitus were also assessed. METHODS: Population-based study using longitudinally linked hospital discharge and birth records (2001-2009) in NSW, Australia. Participants included women without a pre-existing diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes at time of first pregnancy and with at least a first and second birth. Factors associated with recurrence of gestational diabetes were examined using multivariate log-binomial models to adjust for correlation within mothers and estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: First occurrence of gestational diabetes was 3.7% (5315/142 843) in the first pregnancy and 2.7% (3689/137 528) in the second pregnancy. The recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in a second consecutive pregnancy was 41.2%. Risk of pre-existing diabetes in a pregnancy subsequent to one with first occurrence of gestational diabetes was 2.2% and 2.0% in the second or third pregnancy, respectively. Among women with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes in the first pregnancy, independent predictors of gestational diabetes recurrence were maternal age ≥ 35 years, ethnicity (Middle East/North Africa and Asia), pregnancy hypertension, large for gestational age infant and preterm birth in the first pregnancy, longer inter-pregnancy birth interval and pregnancy hypertension and multiple pregnancy in the second pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy is a strong indicator of future risk and a useful clinical marker for identifying women at elevated risk in a subsequent pregnancy.
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Khambalia et al. (2013) conducted a cohort in Gestational diabetes (n=142,843). Gestational diabetes in first pregnancy vs. No gestational diabetes in first pregnancy was evaluated on Recurrence of gestational diabetes in a second consecutive pregnancy. Gestational diabetes in a first pregnancy was associated with a 41.2% recurrence rate in a second consecutive pregnancy, with older age and specific ethnicities acting as independent predictors.
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