Fractures of the midfoot and forefoot

Trauma to the midfoot and forefoot has been increasing with the number of people participating in athletics and the increase in traffic accidents due to more drivers on the road. Over the past 5 years, many articles have been written concerning identification, classification, surgical treatment, and prognosis of metatarsal fractures and midfoot injuries. Metatarsal fractures are among the most common orthopaedic injuries, and a special interest in fifth metatarsal trauma has led to a better understanding of fracture patterns and their correlation with union. Navicular and cuboid fractures have important long-term sequelae, and the need for restoration of joint surfaces and bone architecture has been proven. Lisfranc injuries, although known to carry significant long-term morbidity, were once thought to be an uncommon occurrence. Recent advances in the detection of subtle injuries may lead to earlier, more appropriate treatment and may reduce the incidence of long-term disability due to malunion and instability. (C) Lippincott-Raven Publishers.