Neutralization test in influenza: use in individuals without hemagglutination inhibition antibody

In influenza immunization trials, patients who were seronegative by the hemagglutination inhibition test could be divided into two groups according to preimmunization levels of neutralizing (Neut) and neuraminidase inhibition (NI) antibodies. The group with low levels of Neut and NI antibodies usually developed adequate levels of hemagglutination inhibition antibody after one dose of vaccine, and the group with undetectable Neut and NI antibodies did not.