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Electrical switching of fused vertical couplers (FVCs) is demonstrated. For a 3.5 mm long coupler, complete switching is observed at 3 V reverse bias. This low voltage is attributed to excess current induced internal heating and the thermo-optic effect. By changing the electrode design and reducing the excess current, a 6.9 mm long FVC with 12 V switching voltage is demonstrated.
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Liu et al. (1998) studied this question.
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