Synthesizing ideal windowlike spectral response in codirectional grating-assisted couplers is considered. The method of variational optimization is used to design couplers theoretically with near 100% power transfer efficiency over the passband width and with sidelobes suppressed to -40 dB. The physical role of the pi-phase-reversal sections for passband f lattening is explained.
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Little et al. (1996) studied this question.