Photooxygenation of 2-(gamma-hydroxyalkyl)furans followed by dehydration affords, in one synthetic operation and in high yield, gamma-spiroketal gamma-lactones. This newly developed technology was successfully applied to the synthesis of three different epimers of pyrenolide D, as well as to the first synthesis of the anticancer natural product crassalactone D and its C4-epimer.
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Pavlakos et al. (2009) studied this question.
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