Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Solid Organ Transplantation

With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the mid-1990s, the patterns of morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have changed. HIV associated complications and opportunistic infections have declined and end stage renal disease and cirrhosis have become increasingly important causes of patient death(1,2). Consequently, interest in organ transplantation in HIV infected patients has increased and the number of transplants in this population as well as the regional expansion of this practice have steadily increased since 1999(3).