Hypothemycin-Type Resorcylic Acid Lactones with Immunosuppressive Activities from a Podospora sp.

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Twelve new hypothemycin-type resorcylic acid lactones, three 10-membered ( 1 – 3 ) and nine 14-membered ( 4 – 12 ), together with seven known analogues ( 13 – 19 ), were obtained from the solid rice-based culture of Podospora sp. G214. Their structures were elucidated utilizing spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by modified Mosher’s method, Mo 2 (OAc) 4 -induced electronic circular dichroism experiments, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1, 5, 10, and 12 – 19 exhibited potent immunosuppressive activities against concanavalin A-induced T cell proliferation with IC 50 values ranging from 6.0 to 25.1 μM and lipopolysaccharide-induced B cell proliferation with IC 50 values ranging from 6.2 to 29.1 μM. Further studies revealed that 1 induced apoptosis in activated T cells through the JNK-mediated mitochondrial pathway.