Effect of a columnar defect on the shape of slow-combustion fronts

We report experimental results for the behavior of slow-combustion fronts in the presence of a columnar defect with enhanced or reduced driving, and compare them with those of mean-field theory. We also compare them with simulation results for an analogous problem of driven flow of particles with hard-core repulsion (ASEP) and a single defect bond with a different hopping probability. The difference in the shape of the front profiles for enhanced vs reduced driving in the defect clearly demonstrates the existence of a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang-type nonlinear term in the effective evolution equation for the slow-combustion fronts. We also find that slow-combustion fronts display a faceted form for large enough enhanced driving, and that there is a corresponding increase then in the average front speed. This increase in the average front speed disappears at a nonzero enhanced driving in agreement with the simulated behavior of the ASEP model.