Activity of the base metal is evaluated by identifying reaction products with the oxide layer, measuring Ba vapor pressure from the oxide, measuring of emission current properties, and by analyzing the surface composition of the oxide. Reducing capabilities of Zr, W, and Mo activators in Ni base metal are determined. Their activators are alloyed to the Ni core metal up to the solubility limits. The experimental results are evaluated systematically from the standpoint of base metal activity, together with the thermochemical treatment for the various reactions and the emission mechanism of the oxide coated cathode.
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Aida et al. (1982) studied this question.
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