It is often reported that oil in full-fat seeds is poorly utilized by chicks. Studies were conducted to note the role of fat-mineral interactions for various oil and fat sources. The effects of dietary animal-vegetable blend fat (AV-blend), soybean oil, canola oil or canola soapstock at 5 or 10% inclusion level in the presence of low (0.8%) or high (1.2%) dietary calcium were investigated using broilers from 0 to 3 wk of age. Birds fed canola oil consumed significantly less feed than birds fed AV-blend fat (P < 0.05). Birds fed soybean oil exhibited a superior feed efficiency (P < 0.05). There was no effect of the dietary levels of fat or calcium on feed intake or feed efficiency (P > 0.05). There was no effect of the dietary treatments on protein retention (> 0.05). However, there was variation among the different sources of fat in their effects on fat retention and excreta soap concentration (P < 0.01). Significant interactions were observed between the dietary sources and levels of fat on calcium and magnesium retention (P < 0.01) and phosphorus retention (P < 0.05). There were also interactions between dietary sources of fat and calcium levels on magnesium and phosphorus retention (P < 0.05) while an interaction was observed between dietary levels of fat and calcium on the metabolizable energy values of the diets (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets with animal-vegetable blend fat had the lowest bone calcium content (P < 0.01). It is concluded from this trial that the problem of fat utilization often observed when full-fat protein supplements are fed to birds, relates to factors other than the type of fat they contain, since oils extracted from these full-fat protein supplements are well utilized.
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Atteh et al. (1989) studied this question.