We critically review several examples of successful modelling of electron and hole trapping in metal oxides, which demonstrate a breadth of polaronic behaviour.The examples range from self-trapping in the perfect lattice to trapping by structural defects and impurities and illustrate the important phenomenon of charge localization.We present recent results in four different systems: nanoporous mayenite, amorphous SiO 2 , crystalline hafnia and MgO surfaces and interfaces.The complex nature of charge trapping and polaronic behaviour in these systems can go beyond traditional cases and illustrate the different challenges involved.
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Shluger et al. (2009) studied this question.
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