Improvement of methods for prevention of postoperational complications in splenectomy based on physiological principles

Splenectomy in patients with massive splenic injury can lead to postoperational complications, including impaired immune function, thrombocytosis, and risk of infection. The study aimed to develop improved preventive strategies based on physiological and pharmacological principles. The experiment was performed on 30 white rats, divided into 3 groups: control, splenectomy, and splenectomy with preventive measures (administration of anticoagulants and immunomodulators). Histological, biochemical, and hematological parameters were evaluated. The results showed that animals without prevention had increased platelet aggregation, elevated inflammatory markers, and structural changes in the liver and bone marrow. In contrast, the group with prevention demonstrated normalization of blood parameters and reduced tissue damage. The findings confirm that targeted preventive strategies significantly reduce the severity of post-splenectomy complications and improve the adaptation of the organism to the absence of the spleen.