Key result
Higher salivary alpha-amylase activity was significantly associated with elevated fasting glucose (β 0.008), insulin resistance, and blood pressure among healthy Japanese women.
Why the study?
The biological mechanisms underlying the association between cardiometabolic risk markers and the biological stress response have not yet been determined.
Is salivary alpha-amylase activity associated with cardiometabolic status in healthy adults without cardiovascular disease?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,502)
No
Is salivary alpha-amylase activity associated with cardiometabolic status in healthy adults without cardiovascular disease?
Mean Difference: 0.008 (95% CI 0.002–0.014)
p-value: p=0.008
Elevated salivary alpha-amylase is associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities in healthy Japanese women, potentially reflecting sympathetic nervous system dysfunction.
Hypothesis-generating for salivary alpha-amylase as a cardiometabolic marker in women; should not yet change practice or guide screening.
AIMS: Stress is known to be a potential contributor to the development of diabetes and hypertension. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the association between cardiometabolic risk markers and the biological stress response have not yet been determined. Therefore, we examined salivary alpha-amylase and heart rate variability in relation to cardiometabolic status in a sample of healthy Japanese men and women. METHODS: Participants (473 men and 1,029 women aged 30-84) underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test after a 10-hr fast. The homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance was based on fasting and 2-hr postload glucose and insulin concentrations. Sitting blood pressure was measured twice after rest. A saliva sample was collected in the morning and salivary alpha-amylase was assayed. A 5-min heart rate variability recording was evaluated using time-domain indices of standard deviations of normal-to-normal intervals and root mean square of successive differences. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate associations between salivary alpha-amylase and each outcome measure. RESULTS: Salivary alpha-amylase was associated with fasting glucose (β=0.008; 95% CI=0.002, 0.014), 2-hr postload glucose (β=0.023; 95% CI=0.004, 0.041), homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (β=0.032; 95%CI=0.000, 0.064), systolic (β=1.603; 95% CI=0.479, 2.726) and diastolic (β=0.906; 95% CI=0.212, 1.600) blood pressures among women. These associations remained significant after further adjustment for heart rate variability measures. CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of salivary alpha-amylase may reflect a dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities in women.
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Ikeda et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiometabolic status (n=1,502). Salivary alpha-amylase activity vs. Lower salivary alpha-amylase activity was evaluated on Fasting glucose (mmol/L) per 1-SD increase in salivary alpha-amylase among women (β 0.008, 95% CI 0.002-0.014, p=0.008). Higher salivary alpha-amylase activity was significantly associated with elevated fasting glucose (β 0.008), insulin resistance, and blood pressure among healthy Japanese women.
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