Macroporous titania, which undergoes transition to the rutile phase by calcination without collapse of the pore structure, is obtained by polymerizing a titania sol suspended around “colloidal crystals” of oil droplets. The deformable template counteracts cracking of the titania phase. The Figure shows a scanning electron micrograph of a rutile sample with 200 nm pores obtained by the method described.
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Manoharan et al. (2001) studied this question.