Key result
OsHV-1 infection in oysters results in ~0.5% of the transcriptome being enzymatically modified by ADAR, with hyper-editing observed in genes involved in antiviral response and epigenetic regulation.
Why the study?
Knowledge regarding host-virus interactions between OsHV-1 and oysters at the molecular level is lacking, and the impact of host ADAR-mediated RNA editing modifications on host transcripts remains not completely clear.
The study highlights the role of ADAR-mediated RNA editing in the host response of oysters to OsHV-1 infection, while noting technical challenges in quantifying these events.
Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) is a harmful pathogen of bivalve species, such as oysters. However, knowledge is lacking about host-virus interactions at the molecular level, hampering the possibility of a correct management of viral outbreaks and related massive mortalities. Notably, OsHV-1 transcripts are massively modified by host RNA editing enzyme during infection, resulting in multiple A-to-I variations along RNAs assuming double-strand conformations. The impact of these modifications on host transcripts is, however, not completely clear. Analyzing RNA-seq data of oysters infected with OsHV-1, we revealed that ∼0.5% of the oyster transcriptome is always enzymatically modified by ADAR, whereas genes involved in antiviral response, miRNA maturation, and epigenetic regulation were hyper-edited in specific conditions only. Despite our results, relevant technical bottlenecks impair an accurate quantification of RNA editing events, making necessary an approach specifically dedicated to the progressive understanding of oyster "RNA editome."
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Rosani et al. (2022) studied Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) infection. OsHV-1 infection was evaluated on RNA editing by ADAR. OsHV-1 infection in oysters results in ~0.5% of the transcriptome being enzymatically modified by ADAR, with hyper-editing observed in genes involved in antiviral response and epigenetic regulation.
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