Revitalizing Musical Heritage Through Innovation: Organological Study of the Kitoka Zither From South Sulawesi

This study is an examination of the kitoka , a new development of a traditional string instrument rooted in the Bugis culture of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is an exploration of how culturally sensitive innovation can revitalize musical heritage through material transformation, design, and pedagogy. Using a qualitative approach—field observations, interviews with artisans, and participatory documentation—material choices, ergonomic design, modular construction, and cultural contexts are analyzed in the study through organological and ethnomusicological frameworks. Findings show that agathis wood was selected for its acoustic and symbolic value, while modular construction enhanced maintenance and customization. Combining modern and traditional tools balanced authenticity with precision. Integrating the kitoka in educational and cultural programs strengthened community engagement and attracted youth interest, while cultural marketing and global dissemination highlighted its adaptability. Despite challenges in safeguarding authenticity, collaborative innovation proved effective for sustaining intangible heritage. It is concluded that the kitoka represents a model of respectful innovation in traditional music. It contributes to organological scholarship by documenting a rare case of contemporary instrument development rooted in cultural tradition and underscores the importance of community-centered design for sustainable heritage innovation.