Key result
An intelligent adaptive filter based on a recursive state space model successfully tracked and eliminated power line interference and its harmonics from high-resolution ECG signals without a reference.
The proposed intelligent adaptive filter effectively eliminates power line interference and its harmonics from high-resolution ECG and intracardiac signals without requiring a reference signal.
May improve high-resolution ECG fidelity in clinical settings; leaves open prospective validation before routine use.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive method to monitor electric activities inside the heart. The signals observed on the surface of human body have very low amplitude, and thus, ECG is highly vulnerable to noise. One of the most devastating noise is power line interference (PLI) and its harmonics, which are interlaced with ECG signal even if the ECG equipment is operated on battery. The problem is further complicated when the frequency of PLI is not static, making the conventional notch filter completely ineffective. High-resolution electrocardiogram (HRECG) is a specialized technique in which higher frequency components present in the ECG signal are observed; here, we need to eliminate the harmonics of PLI as well. In this paper, we propose an intelligent adaptive noise rejection filter, which tracks and eliminates PLI as well as its harmonics. The proposed system can estimate the frequency of PLI and tune the adaptive filter for precise elimination of PLI as well as its harmonics without the requirement of an auxiliary reference input. The proposed system is based on recursive state space model, inherited with less computational complexity and performs well in a non-stationary environment. The proposed system responds well to the ongoing variations in amplitude and frequency of PLI present in the HRECG signal as well as intracardiac signal. The proposed system does not require any reference signal for tracking the PLI and its harmonics, and it is capable to self-adjust its tracking frequency for highly precise filtration of first, third, and fifth harmonics of PLI.
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Razzaq et al. (2016) studied Power line interference in High-resolution electrocardiogram (HRECG). Intelligent adaptive noise rejection filter based on recursive state space model was evaluated on Elimination of power line interference (PLI) and its harmonics. An intelligent adaptive filter based on a recursive state space model successfully tracked and eliminated power line interference and its harmonics from high-resolution ECG signals without a reference.
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