Synthesis and investigation of thermal properties of vanadyl complexes with azo-containing Schiff-base dyes

Azo-Schiff base compounds (L 1 and L 2 ) have been synthesized from the reaction of m -hydroxy benzoic acid with 1,5-dimethyl-3-[2-(5-methyl-1 H -indol-3-yl)-ethylimino]-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H -pyrazol-4-ylamine and with 3-[2-(1 H -indol-3-yl)-ethylimino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H -pyrazol-4-ylamine. The free ligands and their complexes were characterized based on elemental analysis, determination of metal, molar conductivity, ( 1 H, 13 C) NMR, UV–vis, FT-IR, mass spectra and thermal analysis (TGA). The molar conductance data revealed that all the complexes are non-electrolytes. The study of complex formation via molar ratio in DMF solution has been investigated and results were consistent to those found in the solid complexes with a ratio of (M:L) as (1:1). Moreover, the thermodynamic activation parameters, such as Δ E ∗ , Δ H ∗ , Δ S ∗ , Δ G ∗ and K are calculated from the TGA curves using Coats–Redfern method. Hyper Chem-6 program has been used to predict the structural geometries of compounds in gas phase. The heat of formation (Δ H f °) and binding energy (Δ E b ) at 298 K for the free ligands and their vanadyl complexes were calculated by PM3 method. The synthesized ligands and their metal complexes were screened for their biological activity against bacterial species, two Gram positive bacteria ( Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus ) and two Gram negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ).