Changes in the microstructure and dielectric properties with the variation of the donor/acceptor ratio in BaTiO 3 ceramics were investigated. In donor‐rich specimens, a liquid that appeared during sintering did not penetrate into grain boundaries. However, in the acceptor‐rich specimens, the grains were separated by a liquid film during sintering. The much higher mobility of the liquid film than that of the grain boundaries was suggested to cause extensive grain growth in acceptor‐rich BaTiO 3 . The macroscopic homogenization of dopants because of grain growth in acceptor‐rich specimens resulted in changes in the dielectric properties.
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Yoon et al. (2003) studied this question.
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