Three finite element formulations based on one-, two-, and three-dimensional idealization for analysis of railroad track support structures are presented with major emphasis on the three-dimensional procedure. The formulations incorporate nonlinear constitutive behavior by using four different elastic-plastic laws and thin interface elements for simulation of behavior at junctions. The parameters for defining nonlinear constitutive laws are obtained from comprehensive tests by using a truly triaxial device. The predictions are compared with other available models, and with field observations from the Urban Mass Transportation Administration Test Section at Transportation Test Center, Pueblo, Colorado.
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Desai et al. (1982) studied this question.