High-quality planar tunnel junctions of MgB2 superconductor have been fabricated, all in situ, on Si single crystal substrates with Al2O3 as well as MgO barriers. Two superconducting energy gaps due to the σ and π bands of MgB2 have been unambiguously determined from superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunneling conductance measurements, showing good agreement with the theoretical predictions. Phonon structures have also been observed in tunneling. Our junction fabrication technique and well defined tunneling characteristics show a distinct possibility for the development of superconductive electronics based on MgB2 junctions.
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Kim et al. (2004) studied this question.
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