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We describe the first measurements of plasma formation by a 20 nsec, 9 MeV, 20kA/cm² Li⁺³ ion beam injected into 2-Torr argon, conditions similar to inertial-fusion ion-beam transport requirements. A new visible-spectroscopy diagnostic exploits ion-beam-excited Ar II transitions to measure the time-resolved plasma electron density (10¹⁵cm^-3--10¹⁶cm^-3) and temperature (1--2 eV) during the initial breakdown phase. Stark broadening and line intensity ratios are used as diagnostics after the plasma forms. Comparisons with computer simulations examine intense-beam effects important for the transport of light- and heavy-ion beams.
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Bailey et al. (1999) studied this question.
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