Equilibrium charge-state distributions and multiple-scattering angles of 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils

The equilibrium charge-state distributions of 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils are found to be nearly Gaussian, with mean charges q̄=3.1±1.0 and 5.6±0.35 and full widths at half maximum (FWHM) d=1.6±0.8 and 1.8±0.2, respectively. The authors show a simple logarithmic behavior of q̄ and d for krypton as a function of incident beam energy. FWHM multiple-scattering angles in the laboratory frame for 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils (thickness 6.5±{}1.0 {μ}g/cm²) of θFWHM=0.052±0.014 and 0.032±0.010 radians, respectively, were observed. These values for θFWHM agree satisfactorily with the theoretical work of Meyer and are consistent with the observations of Bernhard et al.