The effect of torsion on fully developed laminar flow in a twisted pipe is considered in the low-Reynolds-number regime. The flow in a pipe of elliptical cross-section whose axis is straight but which is twisted about that axis is examined and the secondary flow pattern found. The helical pipe of circular cross-section is also revisited; in this case, the first-order torsional effect on the streamtubes is verified, and previous conclusions that such an effect would be of higher order are explained.
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E. R. Tuttle (1990) studied this question.
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