Optimal Control of Automatic Generation with Automatic Voltage Regulator Using Particle Swarm Optimization

A simultaneous study of load frequency control and automatic voltage regulation is considered. The single-area and two-area power systems have been considered with a combined model of AGC and AVR for analysis of frequency and voltage deviation. The primary aspect of the design is to keep real power control as to preserve frequency of the system in a prescribed limit. Reactive power control is used to keep the voltage magnitude of synchronous generator at a tolerable limit. The transients produced in dynamic responses are controlled using intelligent and soft-computing technique. The fuzzy logic controller and particle swarm optimization based PID controllers are considered. The steady state error and settling time of the dynamic responses are observed and found to be reduced very effectively. The frequency and terminal voltage results of a single-area power system with proposed PSO-PID controller is compared to the responses of system with controllers presented in literature and found to be more effective. The comparison of fuzzy logic controller with PSO-PID is done by observing the nature of two-area responses. The result obtained by soft computing algorithm and intelligent controller is analyzed on the basis of settling-time, undershoot and ISE Error.