Key result
Infection of Bombyx mori BM-N cells with heterologous nucleopolyhedroviruses triggers rapid, site-specific rRNA degradation mediated by the viral P143 protein.
B. mori BM-N cells possess a unique antiviral immune mechanism involving rRNA degradation activated by P143 proteins from heterologous NPVs.
Cell lines derived from the silkworm, Bombyx mori, are only permissive for B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), with other NPVs generally resulting in abortive infection. Here, we demonstrate that rRNA of B. mori BM-N cells undergoes rapid degradation through site-specific cleavage upon infection with NPVs from Autographa californica (AcMNPV), Hyphantria cunea (HycuMNPV), Spodoptera exigua (SeMNPV) and Spodoptera litura (SpltMNPV). No significant decreases in cellular RNA were observed in Ld652Y, Se301, Sf9, SpIm and S2 cells infected with AcMNPV or HycuMNPV, indicating the response is unique to BM-N cells. A transient expression assay using a cosmid library of the HycuMNPV genome demonstrated that HycuMNPV P143 is responsible for rRNA degradation, which was also detected in BM-N cells transfected with plasmids expressing the P143 proteins from AcMNPV, SeMNPV and SpltMNPV. These results indicate that B. mori evolved to acquire a unique antiviral immune mechanism that is activated by P143 proteins from heterologous NPVs.
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Hamajima et al. (2013) studied Abortive infection with heterologous nucleopolyhedroviruses. Infection with heterologous nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) or P143 protein expression vs. Other insect cell lines (Ld652Y, Se301, Sf9, SpIm, S2) was evaluated on rRNA degradation. Infection of Bombyx mori BM-N cells with heterologous nucleopolyhedroviruses triggers rapid, site-specific rRNA degradation mediated by the viral P143 protein.
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