Key result
Among adults living with HIV, being 30 years of age or younger was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having normal blood pressure compared to older adults (OR 2.89).
Why the study?
Excess risk for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, may exist among HIV-positive persons, prompting assessment of the prevalence of behavioral risk factors, awareness, and attitudes toward them.
Cross-Sectional (n=400)
Yes
There is a high prevalence of behavioral risk factors for hypertension, particularly physical inactivity, among HIV-infected adults in Nigeria, underscoring the need for targeted preventive measures.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High inactivity and BP associations in Nigerian HIV adults warrant primary care vigilance; leaves open longitudinal confirmation of risks.
BACKGROUND: Excess risk for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, may exist among human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)-positive persons. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the behavioral risk factors for hypertension, including their awareness of these factors and their attitudes toward them. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 HIV-infected adults who accessed care in nine secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected by multistage sampling and data elicited using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured thrice and a respondent was considered as having raised BP if the mean of the last two measurements is ≥140 mm Hg (systolic BP) or ≥90 mm Hg (diastolic BP) or if respondents are currently taking anti-hypertensive. RESULTS: Prevalence of key behavioral risk factors for hypertension was high. For instance, 82.0% of the respondents were physically inactive. Stress and physical inactivity were the two most known risks of hypertension, identified by 87.3% and 70.5% of the respondents, respectively. Majority (66.0%) had positive attitudes toward hypertension risk factors and 26.7% of them had raised BP. Lower age, that is, 30 years and below (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.26-6.64), BMI of less than 25 (OR = 1.87, 95 CI = 1.16-3.01), and being diagnosed of HIV for 5 years and less (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.006-2.62) were significantly associated with normal BP measurements among respondents. CONCLUSION: The proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS who show known behaviors that place them at risk for hypertension is high. Measures to address these risk factors among them are warranted.
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Odukoya et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in HIV infection and hypertension (n=400). Age ≤30 years vs. Age >30 years was evaluated on Normal blood pressure (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.26-6.64, p=0.012). Among adults living with HIV, being 30 years of age or younger was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having normal blood pressure compared to older adults (OR 2.89).
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