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Polymer molecules intercalated between the layers of calcium silicate hydrate during its precipitation from aqueous solution expand the interlayer dimension. Alteration in the structure by changes in bulk composition allows polymers of different charge to be intercalated. The polymer chains may adopt an extended linear conformation between the layers. In the schematic structure shown, PVA chains lie along the a axis perpendicular to the plane of the page, between the silicate chains of the layer.
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Matsuyama et al. (1998) studied this question.
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