Key result
Overall seroprevalence to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 was 90.7%, 94.4%, and 83.3%, respectively, with lower rates in children aged 2-3 years compared to older age groups for types 1 and 2 (p<0.05).
Cross-Sectional (n=500)
Seroprevalence to poliovirus remains high in the Kansas City area, though lower in children aged 2-3 years who have not completed their full IPV series, highlighting the importance of the booster dose.
Supports IPV series completion in young children; leaves open broader US seroprevalence monitoring needs.
No indigenous cases of poliomyelitis have occurred in the US since 1979; however the risk of importation persists until global eradication is achieved. The seropositivity rate for different age cohorts with exposures to different poliovirus vaccine types and wild virus in the US are not presently known. A convenience sample was conducted in the Kansas City metropolitan area during 2012-2103 with approximately 100 participants enrolled for each of 5 age cohorts categorized based on vaccine policy changes over time in the US. Immunization records for poliovirus vaccination were required for participants <18 y of age. We evaluated the prevalence of serum antibodies to all 3 poliovirus serotypes. Seroprevalence was evaluated by demographics as well as between polio serotypes. The overall seroprevalence to poliovirus was 90.7%, 94.4%, and 83.3%, for types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Seroprevalence was high (88.6%-96.2%) for all 3 types of poliovirus for the 6-10 y old age group that was likely to have received a complete schedule of IPV-only vaccination. Children 2-3 y of age, who have not yet completed their full IPV series, had lower seroprevalence compared with all older age groups for types 1 and 2 (p-value <0. 05). Seroprevalence was high for all 3 types of poliovirus in the population surveyed. Seroprevalence for subjects aged 2-3 y was lower than all other age groups for serotypes 1 and 2 highlighting the importance of completing the recommended poliovirus vaccine series with a booster dose at age 4-6 y.
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Wallace et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Poliovirus immunity (n=500). Age cohort (poliovirus vaccine policy era) vs. Different age cohorts was evaluated on Prevalence of serum antibodies to all 3 poliovirus serotypes (p=<0.05). Overall seroprevalence to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 was 90.7%, 94.4%, and 83.3%, respectively, with lower rates in children aged 2-3 years compared to older age groups for types 1 and 2 (p<0.05).
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