Objective To evaluate the endometrial cavity of postmenopausal patients who developed a persistent increase in endometrial thickness, detected by transvaginal sonography, after using implants of oestradiol and testosterone. Design This is a retrospective study. Results 23 patients with an endometrial echo >5 mm were evaluated by hysteroscopy. Of these, 18 patients had an endometrial polyp, two had proliferative endometrium and in the remaining three the uterine cavity was atrophic. There were three cases of complex hyperplasia within the polyp, two without atypia and one with moderate nuclear atypia. There was one case of endometrial carcinoma developing in a polypoid lesion. Conclusion Endometrial polyps were the most frequent pathological finding detected in the uterine cavity of menopausal patients who had developed an increase in endometrial thickness after using implants of oestradiol and testosterone. There was one case of endometrial carcinoma in a polyp.
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Maia et al. (2000) studied this question.