Synthesis of Lead Nickel Niobate–Barium Titanate System by Oxidation of Polyethylene Glycol–Cation Complex

The complex between polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cations (Ni 2+ ,Nb 5+ ) was used for the preparation of compound lead nickel niobate (Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ) and a (1 − x )Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 – x BaTiO 3 solid solution system. The sintering of the powder mixture of PbO and the oxide obtained by the oxidation of the PEG–(Ni 2+ , Nb 5+ ) complex at 1023 K for 1 h formed a greater amount of the perovskite phase than when the solid‐phase reaction method was used for the preparation. The (1 − x )Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 – x BaTiO 3 system was prepared by sintering the mixture of the oxide obtained by the oxidation of the PEG–(Ni 2+ ,Nb 5+ ) complex, PbO, and BaTiO 3 at 1373 K for 1 h. When PEG with a molecular weight of 1000 and PEG with a molecular weight of 7500 were used, the pure perovskite phase was obtained by a 7.5 mol% and a 1 mol% addition of BaTiO 3 , respectively. The formation behavior of perovskite phase depended on the amount of NiNb 2 O 6 (columbite) in the oxide obtained by oxidation of PEG–(Ni 2+ ,Nb 5+ ) complex. When the solid‐phase reaction method was used, only a small amount of NiNb 2 O 5 was obtained. The formed amount of NiNb 2 O 6 with a columbite structure increased with an increase in the molecular weight of the PEG. The increase of the formation of NiNb 2 O 6 showed that the effective formation of the perovskite phase occurred with the smallest addition of BaTiO 3 .