Nanotechnology in machining processes: recent advances

In this brief survey, the use of nanoparticle dispersions in machining processes is discussed and the relevant applicational performances are analysed and related to the structural and chemical composition of the embedded nanophase. The paper is divided in two basic parts. In the former, the metalworking nanofluids are classified with respect to the physico-chemical properties of the nanostructured phase suspended in the base fluid. In the latter, some aspects concerning the production of metalworking nanofluids are analysed and a new green and economically viable technique based on a cementation process for metal nanoparticle synthesis is proposed as an alternative approach to the conventional manufacturing techniques.