Pure and 3–12 at. % Pr-doped In 2 O 3 macroporous spheres were fabricated by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and their acetone-sensing characteristics under dry and humid conditions were investigated to design humidity-independent gas sensors. The 12 at. % Pr-doped In 2 O 3 sensor exhibited approximately the same acetone responses and sensor resistances at 450 °C regardless of the humidity variation, whereas the pure In 2 O 3 exhibited significant deterioration in gas-sensing characteristics upon the change in the atmosphere, from dry to humid (relative humidity: 80%). Moreover, the 12 at. % Pr-doped In 2 O 3 sensor exhibited a high response to acetone with negligible cross responses to interfering gases (NH 3, CO, benzene, toluene, NO 2, and H 2 ) under the highly humid atmosphere. The mechanism for the humidity-immune gas-sensing characteristics was investigated by X-ray photoelectron and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopies together with the phenomenological gas-sensing results and discussed in relation with Pr 3+ /Pr 4+ redox pairs, regenerative oxygen adsorption, and scavenging of hydroxyl groups.
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Kim et al. (2019) studied this question.
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