High temperature‐insensitive ferro‐/piezoelectric properties and nanodomain structures of Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 –PbZrO 3 –Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 relaxor single crystals

For rhombohedral (R) Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 –PbZrO 3 –Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 ( PIN – PZ – PMN – PT ) relaxor single crystal, high temperature‐insensitive behaviors under different external stimuli were observed (remnant polarization P r from 30°C to 180°C and piezoelectric strain d 33 * from 30°C to 116°C). When electric field E ≥ 50 kV /cm in the case of an activation field E a = 40‐50 kV /cm was applied, it was found that the domain switching was accompanied by a phase transition. The high relaxor nature of the R phase PIN – PZ – PMN – PT was speculated to account for the large E a and high piezoelectric response. The short‐range correlation lengths extracted from the out‐of‐plane ( OP ) and in‐plane ( IP ) nanodomain images, were 64 nm and 89 nm, respectively, which proved the high relaxor nature due to In 3+ and Zr 4+ ions entering the B‐site in the ABO 3 ‐lattice and enhancing the disorder of B‐site cations in the R phase PIN – PZ – PMN – PT . The switching process of R nanodomain variants under the step‐increased tip DC voltage was visually revealed. Moreover, the time‐dependent domain evolution confirmed the high relaxor nature of the R phase PIN – PZ – PMN – PT single crystal.