Fiber‐Reinforced Composites for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Materials Design, Manufacturing Innovations, and Emerging Applications

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Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant attention as a promising energy harvesting technology, capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy with high efficiency. Among various materials used in TENGs, fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have emerged as a crucial component due to their unique combination of mechanical robustness, flexibility, and tunable triboelectric properties. This comprehensive review focuses on the development and application of FRCs in high-performance TENGs. The materials design of FRCs is first examined to enhance triboelectric performance. The manufacturing innovations, including advanced fabrication techniques such as 3D printing, weaving, and electrospinning, are explored in detail to highlight how these methods can tailor the morphology and structure of FRCs for improved TENG performance. Furthermore, the emerging applications of FRC-based TENGs, ranging from wearable electronics and self-powered sensors to large-scale energy harvesting systems, is reviewed. By summarizing the latest advancements and identifying existing challenges, this review aims to provide a holistic understanding of the potential of FRCs in the TENG field and to inspire future research directions for the development of next-generation high-performance triboelectric electronics.