When the 4F9/2 state was resonantly excited, emission was detected from the higher states 4S3/2(2H11/2), 4G11/2, and 2P3/2 in addition to the resonant emission. Two- and three-photon processes were found to be responsible in populating the 4S3/2 and the 2P3/2 states, respectively. Energy upconversion efficiencies into the 4S3/2 and the 2P3/2 states were found to be 7.2×10−3 and 1.4×10−4, respectively. When the 4I9/2 state was resonantly excited we detected green emission from the 4S3/2(2H11/2). The energy upconversion efficiency of this process was found to be 1.4×10−3.
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Reddy et al. (1994) studied this question.
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