Investigating the flow and heat transfer properties of an impingement jet with a moving target plate, utilizing a novel hybrid nanofluid including a variety of nanoparticle morphologies

This research delves deeply into the flow properties and heat transfer in impingement jets using a new hybrid nanofluid (SiO 2 -multiwalled carbon nanotube/water). Various volume fractions of SiO 2 -multiwalled carbon nanotube/water are used as a working fluid, including 0.2% and 1.0%. The research aims to establish the effects of multiple variables, such as jet Reynolds number, plate velocity, nanoparticle morphology, and volume fraction, on the target surface's heat-transfer behavior. There are three jet Reynolds numbers (ranging from 35,000 to 65,000), three plate velocities (V = 0, 0.25, and 0.35 m/second), and three distinct nanoparticle shapes (spherical, cylindrical, and platelet) in this study. The results show that increasing the Reynolds number and the nanoparticles’ volume fraction to their maximum levels significantly increases the system's heat transfer rate. It has been found that, across all nanoparticle volume fractions, Reynolds numbers, and plate velocities, the SiO 2 -multiwalled carbon nanotube/water hybrid nanofluid exhibits the maximum heat transfer rate when the nanoparticles are platelet-shaped. Additionally, the results show that increasing the plate velocity inherently enhances the thermal performance across all tested domains. Specifically, a peak enhancement of up to 15% in the average Nusselt number is achieved at the maximum plate velocity (V = 0.35 m/second) under the optimal conditions (Re = 65,000 and 1.0% platelet-nanoparticle volume fraction) compared to the stationary target plate scenario. Ultimately, this study provides valuable information for making heat transfer systems more efficient in real-world settings.