A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Physical Activity, Sleep, and Circadian Rhythms in Children and Adolescents

Objective: This study aimed to examine the structure, development, and thematic characteristics of research on physical activity, sleep, and circadian rhythms in children and adolescents using a bibliometric approach. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and 256 publications were analyzed. Bibliometric indicators and science mapping techniques, including keyword co-occurrence and frequency analyses, were applied to explore publication trends and the conceptual structure of the field. Results: Scientific production has increased notably, particularly after 2018, reflecting growing interest in the interaction between physical activity, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The field is primarily driven by sleep-focused journals, with contributions from sport science, indicating increasing disciplinary convergence. Research output is geographically concentrated in a limited number of countries, led by the United States, China, and Europe. Two main thematic clusters were identified: physical activity and health-related outcomes, and sleep-related constructs. Their interaction highlights an increasing focus on the combined role of movement behaviors and sleep in health outcomes. Conclusion: Research in this field is increasingly characterized by conceptual integration within a 24-hour behavioral framework, yet remains geographically concentrated, highlighting the need for more globally distributed and integrative research to advance child and adolescent health.