Construction and application of sustained-release active intelligent packaging incorporating phenolic acid copigmented Aronia melanocarpa anthocyanins and microencapsulated carvacrol

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anthocyanins (AMA) copigmented by phenolic acid, carvacrol (CL) encapsulated by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and integrates these components into potato starch (PS) to produce a multifunctional film with enhanced indicator sensitivity and sustained release properties. The results revealed that ferulic acid (FA) provided notable stabilizing effect on AMA, maintaining ΔE < 1 after two cycles of acid-base alternation. The incorporation of HP-β-CD allowed for efficient encapsulation of CL through hydrogen bonding, achieving sustained release over 96 h. The incorporation of FA-AMA and CL@HP-β-CD system improved the roughness, UV-blocking, and antioxidant performance of the film. Additionally, the film extended shrimp shelf life by 12 h, with a visible transition from pink to blue upon spoilage. This research offers a novel approach to the advancement of active intelligent packaging.