Recent experiments exhibit a rate dependence for granular shear such that the stress grows linearly in the logarithm of the shear rate, ̇ γ. Assuming a generalized activated process mechanism, we show that these observations are consistent with a recent proposal for a stress-based statistical ensemble. By contrast, predictions for rate dependence using conventional energy-based statistical mechanics to describe activated processes, predicts a rate dependence of (ln( ̇ γ))1/2.
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Behringer et al. (2008) studied this question.
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