Mechanisms of disc displacement in the temporomandibular joint

The sign of 'clicking' in the temporomandibular joint is not a normal phenomenon. It is, in fact, often the first indication of potential myofascial pain or temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome and as such should be detected early and diagnosed correctly. Clicking is a cardinal sign of altered function within the joint, the aetiology for which can only be diagnosed from a sound knowledge of anatomy and physiology. With this background it is possible to ascertain whether the cause is essentially biochemical, neuromuscular, or occlusal in nature or multifactorial components of all three categories. An attempt has been made to provide background knowledge in order that a correct diagnosis can be made.