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A diode-pumped microchip green light source which was based upon a diffusion-bonded Nd:YVO 4 /KTiOPO 4 composite crystal and had a built-in thermoelectric element was developed. The source had the small volume of 0.7 cm 3 and showed the average green power of up to 25 mW and the average electrical power consumed in the thermoelectric element of 15 mW at the interior temperature of 51 °C, under the driving condition of the duty ratio of 50%, the average electrical power consumed in pump diode of about 304 mW, and the ambient temperature of 20 °C, which resulted in the electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency of up to 7.8%. The power of the source was so stable with the fluctuation of less than 0.2%. Our source is the smallest green laser with the built-in temperature-controlling unit to our knowledge and thought to be useful in many applications including the portable laser display system.
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Jung et al. (2008) studied this question.
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